Medio-lateral balance refers to the symmetry and alignment of the axes of the limb and the hoof as seen from the front or the back. A mediolaterally balanced limb and hoof is aligned on a central axis that is perpendicular to the bearing surface of the hoof, the hoof is symmetrical in size and shape and is evenly divided by the axis of the limb. Deviations of stance or limb conformation (e.g. a rotational or axial deviation in the region of the fetlock) can influence the mediolateral balance.

Anatomical term meaning situated on the same side of the body (neighbouring structures). Can also refer to structures situated on either side of another structure e.g. collateral ligaments situated on either side of a joint or collateral cartilages situated on either side of the distal phalanx.

Flat, wing-like structures made from fibro-cartilage that are attached to the palmar/plantar processes of the distal phalanx (coffin bone) and extend proximaly to above the level of the hoof capsule. They can be palpated proximaly to the coronary band in the lateral and medialpalmar/plantar region of the pastern where they should yield to gentle pressure. The cartilage can ossify in part or completely (sidebone).

A ligament that originates and inserts on the side of a joint and provides stabilisation for the joint. Most joints have collateral ligaments on the medial and lateral sides.

Anatomical term meaning situated on the other side of the body.

On the same side.

An anatomical directional term meaning either further away from the midline of a body or structure or simply to the the side of a structure.

Shoe manufactured or adapted for an asymmetrically loaded hoof. The aim is to provide better support for the more loaded hoof wall. This is done by forging an extension. While extension shoes are practical when dealing with the lateral wall, medial extensions must be used with caution, these often predispose interference problems (brushing) or the shoe being pulled off if stepped on by the contralateralhoof.

Uneven footfall or dynamic mediolateral imbalance occurs when a hoof lands on the medial or lateral wall and then tips onto the other side. This can occur as a result of axial or rotational limb deviations or hoof imbalance. Observing the horses action dynamically and trimming for level landing will help to alleviate this in mild cases. Where the uneven landing is due to a conformational deviation, it may not be possible or wise to trim for level landing.

The branches of the distal phalanx (coffin bone) that extend towards the back and to which the ungular/ lateral cartilages are attached.

The deep grooves on either side of the frog that mark the transition between the horn of the frog and that of the bars and sole.

The deep grooves on either side of the frog that mark the transition between the horn of the frog and that of the bars and sole.